{"id":667,"date":"2011-11-21T16:13:34","date_gmt":"2011-11-21T15:13:34","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/oliverdavidkrieg.com\/?p=667"},"modified":"2017-07-25T15:51:20","modified_gmt":"2017-07-25T14:51:20","slug":"icditke-research-pavilion-2011","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/oliverdavidkrieg.com\/?p=667","title":{"rendered":"ICD\/ITKE Research Pavilion 2011"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong>ICD\/ITKE Research Pavilion 2011<\/strong><br \/>\nInst. for Computational Design (Prof. A. Menges)<br \/>\nInst. of Building Structures &#038; Structural Design (Prof. Knippers)<br \/>\nCompetence Network Biomimetics Baden-W\u00fcrttemberg<\/p>\n<p><em>Role: Development and fabrication; as a student<\/em><\/p>\n<style id=\"bwg-style-0\">    #bwg_container1_0 #bwg_container2_0 .bwg-container-0.bwg-standard-thumbnails {      width: 532px;              justify-content: center;        margin:0 auto !important;              background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.00);            padding-left: 4px;      padding-top: 4px;      max-width: 100%;            }        #bwg_container1_0 #bwg_container2_0 .bwg-container-0.bwg-standard-thumbnails .bwg-item {    justify-content: flex-start;      max-width: 88px;            width: 88px !important;          }    #bwg_container1_0 #bwg_container2_0 .bwg-container-0.bwg-standard-thumbnails .bwg-item a {       margin-right: 4px;       margin-bottom: 4px;    }    #bwg_container1_0 #bwg_container2_0 .bwg-container-0.bwg-standard-thumbnails .bwg-item0 {      padding: 0px;            background-color:rgba(255,255,255, 0.30);      border: 0px none #CCCCCC;      opacity: 1.00;      border-radius: 0;      box-shadow: 0px 0px 0px #888888;    }    #bwg_container1_0 #bwg_container2_0 .bwg-container-0.bwg-standard-thumbnails .bwg-item1 img {      max-height: none;      max-width: none;      padding: 0 !important;    }        @media only screen and (min-width: 480px) {      #bwg_container1_0 #bwg_container2_0 .bwg-container-0.bwg-standard-thumbnails .bwg-item0 {        transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;-webkit-transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;      }      #bwg_container1_0 #bwg_container2_0 .bwg-container-0.bwg-standard-thumbnails .bwg-item0:hover {        -ms-transform: scale(1.1);        -webkit-transform: scale(1.1);        transform: scale(1.1);      }    }          #bwg_container1_0 #bwg_container2_0 .bwg-container-0.bwg-standard-thumbnails .bwg-item1 {      padding-top: 75%;    }        #bwg_container1_0 #bwg_container2_0 .bwg-container-0.bwg-standard-thumbnails .bwg-title2,    #bwg_container1_0 #bwg_container2_0 .bwg-container-0.bwg-standard-thumbnails .bwg-ecommerce2 {      color: #CCCCCC;      font-family: segoe ui;      font-size: 16px;      font-weight: bold;      padding: 2px;      text-shadow: 0px 0px 0px #888888;      max-height: 100%;    }    #bwg_container1_0 #bwg_container2_0 .bwg-container-0.bwg-standard-thumbnails .bwg-thumb-description span {    color: #323A45;    font-family: Ubuntu;    font-size: 12px;    max-height: 100%;    word-wrap: break-word;    }    #bwg_container1_0 #bwg_container2_0 .bwg-container-0.bwg-standard-thumbnails .bwg-play-icon2 {      font-size: 32px;    }    #bwg_container1_0 #bwg_container2_0 .bwg-container-0.bwg-standard-thumbnails .bwg-ecommerce2 {      font-size: 19.2px;      color: #CCCCCC;    }    <\/style>    <div id=\"bwg_container1_0\"         class=\"bwg_container bwg_thumbnail bwg_thumbnails \"         data-right-click-protection=\"0\"         data-bwg=\"0\"         data-scroll=\"0\"         data-gallery-type=\"thumbnails\"         data-gallery-view-type=\"thumbnails\"         data-current-url=\"\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fposts%2F667\"         data-lightbox-url=\"https:\/\/oliverdavidkrieg.com\/wp-admin\/admin-ajax.php?action=GalleryBox&#038;current_view=0&#038;gallery_id=4&#038;tag=0&#038;theme_id=1&#038;shortcode_id=4&#038;sort_by=order&#038;order_by=asc&#038;current_url=%2Findex.php%3Frest_route%3D%252Fwp%252Fv2%252Fposts%252F667\"         data-gallery-id=\"4\"         data-popup-width=\"800\"         data-popup-height=\"500\"         data-is-album=\"gallery\"         data-buttons-position=\"bottom\">      <div id=\"bwg_container2_0\">             <div id=\"ajax_loading_0\" class=\"bwg_loading_div_1\">      <div class=\"bwg_loading_div_2\">        <div class=\"bwg_loading_div_3\">          <div id=\"loading_div_0\" class=\"bwg_spider_ajax_loading\">          <\/div>        <\/div>      <\/div>    <\/div>            <form id=\"gal_front_form_0\"              class=\"bwg-hidden\"              method=\"post\"              action=\"#\"              data-current=\"0\"              data-shortcode-id=\"4\"              data-gallery-type=\"thumbnails\"              data-gallery-id=\"4\"              data-tag=\"0\"              data-album-id=\"0\"              data-theme-id=\"1\"              data-ajax-url=\"https:\/\/oliverdavidkrieg.com\/wp-admin\/admin-ajax.php?action=bwg_frontend_data\">          <div id=\"bwg_container3_0\" class=\"bwg-background bwg-background-0\">                <div data-max-count=\"6\"         data-thumbnail-width=\"88\"         data-bwg=\"0\"         data-gallery-id=\"4\"         data-lightbox-url=\"https:\/\/oliverdavidkrieg.com\/wp-admin\/admin-ajax.php?action=GalleryBox&amp;current_view=0&amp;gallery_id=4&amp;tag=0&amp;theme_id=1&amp;shortcode_id=4&amp;sort_by=order&amp;order_by=asc&amp;current_url=%2Findex.php%3Frest_route%3D%252Fwp%252Fv2%252Fposts%252F667\"         id=\"bwg_thumbnails_0\"         class=\"bwg-container-0 bwg-thumbnails bwg-standard-thumbnails bwg-container bwg-border-box\">            <div class=\"bwg-item\">        <a class=\"bwg-a  bwg_lightbox\"  data-image-id=\"58\" href=\"https:\/\/oliverdavidkrieg.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/photo-gallery\/FP11-453_View-Seated.jpg\" data-elementor-open-lightbox=\"no\">                <div class=\"bwg-item0 \">          <div class=\"bwg-item1 \">            <div class=\"bwg-item2\">              <img decoding=\"async\" class=\"skip-lazy bwg_standart_thumb_img_0 \"                   data-id=\"58\"                   data-width=\"\"                   data-height=\"\"                   data-src=\"https:\/\/oliverdavidkrieg.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/photo-gallery\/thumb\/FP11-453_View-Seated.jpg\"                   src=\"https:\/\/oliverdavidkrieg.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/photo-gallery\/thumb\/FP11-453_View-Seated.jpg\"                   alt=\"FP11-453 View-Seated\"                   title=\"FP11-453 View-Seated\" \/>            <\/div>            <div class=\"\">                                                      <\/div>          <\/div>        <\/div>                        <\/a>              <\/div>            <div class=\"bwg-item\">        <a class=\"bwg-a  bwg_lightbox\"  data-image-id=\"57\" href=\"https:\/\/oliverdavidkrieg.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/photo-gallery\/FP11-451_View-Window.jpg\" data-elementor-open-lightbox=\"no\">                <div class=\"bwg-item0 \">          <div class=\"bwg-item1 \">            <div class=\"bwg-item2\">              <img decoding=\"async\" class=\"skip-lazy bwg_standart_thumb_img_0 \"                   data-id=\"57\"                   data-width=\"\"                   data-height=\"\"                   data-src=\"https:\/\/oliverdavidkrieg.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/photo-gallery\/thumb\/FP11-451_View-Window.jpg\"                   src=\"https:\/\/oliverdavidkrieg.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/photo-gallery\/thumb\/FP11-451_View-Window.jpg\"                   alt=\"FP11-451 View-Window\"                   title=\"FP11-451 View-Window\" \/>            <\/div>            <div class=\"\">                                                      <\/div>          <\/div>        <\/div>                        <\/a>              <\/div>            <div class=\"bwg-item\">        <a class=\"bwg-a  bwg_lightbox\"  data-image-id=\"56\" href=\"https:\/\/oliverdavidkrieg.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/photo-gallery\/FP11-501_View-E.jpg\" data-elementor-open-lightbox=\"no\">                <div class=\"bwg-item0 \">          <div class=\"bwg-item1 \">            <div class=\"bwg-item2\">              <img decoding=\"async\" class=\"skip-lazy bwg_standart_thumb_img_0 \"                   data-id=\"56\"                   data-width=\"\"                   data-height=\"\"                   data-src=\"https:\/\/oliverdavidkrieg.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/photo-gallery\/thumb\/FP11-501_View-E.jpg\"                   src=\"https:\/\/oliverdavidkrieg.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/photo-gallery\/thumb\/FP11-501_View-E.jpg\"                   alt=\"FP11-501 View-E\"                   title=\"FP11-501 View-E\" \/>            <\/div>            <div class=\"\">                                                      <\/div>          <\/div>        <\/div>                        <\/a>              <\/div>            <div class=\"bwg-item\">        <a class=\"bwg-a  bwg_lightbox\"  data-image-id=\"55\" href=\"https:\/\/oliverdavidkrieg.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/photo-gallery\/FP11-502_View-E.jpg\" data-elementor-open-lightbox=\"no\">                <div class=\"bwg-item0 \">          <div class=\"bwg-item1 \">            <div class=\"bwg-item2\">              <img decoding=\"async\" class=\"skip-lazy bwg_standart_thumb_img_0 \"                   data-id=\"55\"                   data-width=\"\"                   data-height=\"\"                   data-src=\"https:\/\/oliverdavidkrieg.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/photo-gallery\/thumb\/FP11-502_View-E.jpg\"                   src=\"https:\/\/oliverdavidkrieg.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/photo-gallery\/thumb\/FP11-502_View-E.jpg\"                   alt=\"FP11-502 View-E\"                   title=\"FP11-502 View-E\" \/>            <\/div>            <div class=\"\">                                                      <\/div>          <\/div>        <\/div>                        <\/a>              <\/div>            <div class=\"bwg-item\">        <a class=\"bwg-a  bwg_lightbox\"  data-image-id=\"54\" href=\"https:\/\/oliverdavidkrieg.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/photo-gallery\/FP11-701_CloseUpEye.JPG\" data-elementor-open-lightbox=\"no\">                <div class=\"bwg-item0 \">          <div class=\"bwg-item1 \">            <div class=\"bwg-item2\">              <img decoding=\"async\" class=\"skip-lazy bwg_standart_thumb_img_0 \"                   data-id=\"54\"                   data-width=\"\"                   data-height=\"\"                   data-src=\"https:\/\/oliverdavidkrieg.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/photo-gallery\/thumb\/FP11-701_CloseUpEye.JPG\"                   src=\"https:\/\/oliverdavidkrieg.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/photo-gallery\/thumb\/FP11-701_CloseUpEye.JPG\"                   alt=\"FP11-701 CloseUpEye\"                   title=\"FP11-701 CloseUpEye\" \/>            <\/div>            <div class=\"\">                                                      <\/div>          <\/div>        <\/div>                        <\/a>              <\/div>            <div class=\"bwg-item\">        <a class=\"bwg-a  bwg_lightbox\"  data-image-id=\"53\" href=\"https:\/\/oliverdavidkrieg.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/photo-gallery\/FP11-557_View-LEDs.jpg\" data-elementor-open-lightbox=\"no\">                <div class=\"bwg-item0 \">          <div class=\"bwg-item1 \">            <div class=\"bwg-item2\">              <img decoding=\"async\" class=\"skip-lazy bwg_standart_thumb_img_0 \"                   data-id=\"53\"                   data-width=\"\"                   data-height=\"\"                   data-src=\"https:\/\/oliverdavidkrieg.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/photo-gallery\/thumb\/FP11-557_View-LEDs.jpg\"                   src=\"https:\/\/oliverdavidkrieg.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/photo-gallery\/thumb\/FP11-557_View-LEDs.jpg\"                   alt=\"FP11-557 View-LEDs\"                   title=\"FP11-557 View-LEDs\" \/>            <\/div>            <div class=\"\">                                                      <\/div>          <\/div>        <\/div>                        <\/a>              <\/div>            <div class=\"bwg-item\">        <a class=\"bwg-a  bwg_lightbox\"  data-image-id=\"52\" href=\"https:\/\/oliverdavidkrieg.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/photo-gallery\/FP11-552_View-SpotsLights.jpg\" data-elementor-open-lightbox=\"no\">                <div class=\"bwg-item0 \">          <div class=\"bwg-item1 \">            <div class=\"bwg-item2\">              <img decoding=\"async\" class=\"skip-lazy bwg_standart_thumb_img_0 \"                   data-id=\"52\"                   data-width=\"\"                   data-height=\"\"                   data-src=\"https:\/\/oliverdavidkrieg.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/photo-gallery\/thumb\/FP11-552_View-SpotsLights.jpg\"                   src=\"https:\/\/oliverdavidkrieg.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/photo-gallery\/thumb\/FP11-552_View-SpotsLights.jpg\"                   alt=\"FP11-552 View-SpotsLights\"                   title=\"FP11-552 View-SpotsLights\" \/>            <\/div>            <div class=\"\">                                                      <\/div>          <\/div>        <\/div>                        <\/a>              <\/div>            <div class=\"bwg-item\">        <a class=\"bwg-a  bwg_lightbox\"  data-image-id=\"51\" href=\"https:\/\/oliverdavidkrieg.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/photo-gallery\/FP11-602_BirdEye-SE_AM.jpg\" data-elementor-open-lightbox=\"no\">                <div class=\"bwg-item0 \">          <div class=\"bwg-item1 \">            <div class=\"bwg-item2\">              <img decoding=\"async\" class=\"skip-lazy bwg_standart_thumb_img_0 \"                   data-id=\"51\"                   data-width=\"\"                   data-height=\"\"                   data-src=\"https:\/\/oliverdavidkrieg.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/photo-gallery\/thumb\/FP11-602_BirdEye-SE_AM.jpg\"                   src=\"https:\/\/oliverdavidkrieg.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/photo-gallery\/thumb\/FP11-602_BirdEye-SE_AM.jpg\"                   alt=\"FP11-602 BirdEye-SE AM\"                   title=\"FP11-602 BirdEye-SE AM\" \/>            <\/div>            <div class=\"\">                                                      <\/div>          <\/div>        <\/div>                        <\/a>              <\/div>            <div class=\"bwg-item\">        <a class=\"bwg-a  bwg_lightbox\"  data-image-id=\"50\" href=\"https:\/\/oliverdavidkrieg.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/photo-gallery\/FP11-513_View-SE.jpg\" data-elementor-open-lightbox=\"no\">                <div class=\"bwg-item0 \">          <div class=\"bwg-item1 \">            <div class=\"bwg-item2\">              <img decoding=\"async\" class=\"skip-lazy bwg_standart_thumb_img_0 \"                   data-id=\"50\"                   data-width=\"\"                   data-height=\"\"                   data-src=\"https:\/\/oliverdavidkrieg.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/photo-gallery\/thumb\/FP11-513_View-SE.jpg\"                   src=\"https:\/\/oliverdavidkrieg.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/photo-gallery\/thumb\/FP11-513_View-SE.jpg\"                   alt=\"FP11-513 View-SE\"                   title=\"FP11-513 View-SE\" \/>            <\/div>            <div class=\"\">                                                      <\/div>          <\/div>        <\/div>                        <\/a>              <\/div>            <div class=\"bwg-item\">        <a class=\"bwg-a  bwg_lightbox\"  data-image-id=\"49\" href=\"https:\/\/oliverdavidkrieg.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/photo-gallery\/FP11-703_CloseUpArch.JPG\" data-elementor-open-lightbox=\"no\">                <div class=\"bwg-item0 \">          <div class=\"bwg-item1 \">            <div class=\"bwg-item2\">              <img decoding=\"async\" class=\"skip-lazy bwg_standart_thumb_img_0 \"                   data-id=\"49\"                   data-width=\"\"                   data-height=\"\"                   data-src=\"https:\/\/oliverdavidkrieg.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/photo-gallery\/thumb\/FP11-703_CloseUpArch.JPG\"                   src=\"https:\/\/oliverdavidkrieg.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/photo-gallery\/thumb\/FP11-703_CloseUpArch.JPG\"                   alt=\"FP11-703 CloseUpArch\"                   title=\"FP11-703 CloseUpArch\" \/>            <\/div>            <div class=\"\">                                                      <\/div>          <\/div>        <\/div>                        <\/a>              <\/div>            <div class=\"bwg-item\">        <a class=\"bwg-a  bwg_lightbox\"  data-image-id=\"48\" href=\"https:\/\/oliverdavidkrieg.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/photo-gallery\/FP11-704_CloseUpArch.JPG\" data-elementor-open-lightbox=\"no\">                <div class=\"bwg-item0 \">          <div class=\"bwg-item1 \">            <div class=\"bwg-item2\">              <img decoding=\"async\" class=\"skip-lazy bwg_standart_thumb_img_0 \"                   data-id=\"48\"                   data-width=\"\"                   data-height=\"\"                   data-src=\"https:\/\/oliverdavidkrieg.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/photo-gallery\/thumb\/FP11-704_CloseUpArch.JPG\"                   src=\"https:\/\/oliverdavidkrieg.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/photo-gallery\/thumb\/FP11-704_CloseUpArch.JPG\"                   alt=\"FP11-704 CloseUpArch\"                   title=\"FP11-704 CloseUpArch\" \/>            <\/div>            <div class=\"\">                                                      <\/div>          <\/div>        <\/div>                        <\/a>              <\/div>            <div class=\"bwg-item\">        <a class=\"bwg-a  bwg_lightbox\"  data-image-id=\"47\" href=\"https:\/\/oliverdavidkrieg.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/photo-gallery\/FP11-404_View-S.JPG\" data-elementor-open-lightbox=\"no\">                <div class=\"bwg-item0 \">          <div class=\"bwg-item1 \">            <div class=\"bwg-item2\">              <img decoding=\"async\" class=\"skip-lazy bwg_standart_thumb_img_0 \"                   data-id=\"47\"                   data-width=\"\"                   data-height=\"\"                   data-src=\"https:\/\/oliverdavidkrieg.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/photo-gallery\/thumb\/FP11-404_View-S.JPG\"                   src=\"https:\/\/oliverdavidkrieg.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/photo-gallery\/thumb\/FP11-404_View-S.JPG\"                   alt=\"FP11-404 View-S\"                   title=\"FP11-404 View-S\" \/>            <\/div>            <div class=\"\">                                                      <\/div>          <\/div>        <\/div>                        <\/a>              <\/div>          <\/div>    <style>      \/*pagination styles*\/      #bwg_container1_0 #bwg_container2_0 .tablenav-pages_0 {\t\t\t\ttext-align: center;\t\t\t\tfont-size: 12px;\t\t\t\tfont-family: segoe ui;\t\t\t\tfont-weight: bold;\t\t\t\tcolor: #666666;\t\t\t\tmargin: 6px 0 4px;\t\t\t\tdisplay: block;      }      @media only screen and (max-width : 320px) {      #bwg_container1_0 #bwg_container2_0 .displaying-num_0 {     \t display: none;      }      }      #bwg_container1_0 #bwg_container2_0 .displaying-num_0 {\t\t\t\tfont-size: 12px;\t\t\t\tfont-family: segoe ui;\t\t\t\tfont-weight: bold;\t\t\t\tcolor: #666666;\t\t\t\tmargin-right: 10px;\t\t\t\tvertical-align: middle;      }      #bwg_container1_0 #bwg_container2_0 .paging-input_0 {\t\t\t\tfont-size: 12px;\t\t\t\tfont-family: segoe ui;\t\t\t\tfont-weight: bold;\t\t\t\tcolor: #666666;\t\t\t\tvertical-align: middle;      }      #bwg_container1_0 #bwg_container2_0 .tablenav-pages_0 a.disabled,      #bwg_container1_0 #bwg_container2_0 .tablenav-pages_0 a.disabled:hover,      #bwg_container1_0 #bwg_container2_0 .tablenav-pages_0 a.disabled:focus,\t\t\t#bwg_container1_0 #bwg_container2_0 .tablenav-pages_0 input.bwg_current_page {\t\t\t\tcursor: default;\t\t\t\tcolor: rgba(102, 102, 102, 0.5);      }      #bwg_container1_0 #bwg_container2_0 .tablenav-pages_0 a,      #bwg_container1_0 #bwg_container2_0 .tablenav-pages_0 input.bwg_current_page {\t\t\t\tcursor: pointer;\t\t\t\ttext-align: center;\t\t\t\tfont-size: 12px;\t\t\t\tfont-family: segoe ui;\t\t\t\tfont-weight: bold;\t\t\t\tcolor: #666666;\t\t\t\ttext-decoration: none;\t\t\t\tpadding: 3px 6px;\t\t\t\tmargin: 0;\t\t\t\tborder-radius: 0;\t\t\t\tborder-style: solid;\t\t\t\tborder-width: 1px;\t\t\t\tborder-color: #E3E3E3;\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tbackground-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 1.00);\t\t\t\tbox-shadow: 0;\t\t\t\ttransition: all 0.3s ease 0s;-webkit-transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;      }      <\/style>      <span class=\"bwg_nav_cont_0\">              <div class=\"tablenav-pages_0\">                  <\/div>                <input type=\"hidden\" id=\"page_number_0\" name=\"page_number_0\" value=\"1\" \/>      <script type=\"text\/javascript\">        if( jQuery('.bwg_nav_cont_0').length > 1 ) {          jQuery('.bwg_nav_cont_0').first().remove()        }        function spider_page_0(cur, x, y, load_more) {          if (typeof load_more == \"undefined\") {            var load_more = false;          }          if (jQuery(cur).hasClass('disabled')) {            return false;          }          var items_county_0 = 1;          switch (y) {            case 1:              if (x >= items_county_0) {                document.getElementById('page_number_0').value = items_county_0;              }              else {                document.getElementById('page_number_0').value = x + 1;              }              break;            case 2:              document.getElementById('page_number_0').value = items_county_0;              break;            case -1:              if (x == 1) {                document.getElementById('page_number_0').value = 1;              }              else {                document.getElementById('page_number_0').value = x - 1;              }              break;            case -2:              document.getElementById('page_number_0').value = 1;              break;\t\t\t\t\t\tcase 0:              document.getElementById('page_number_0').value = x;              break;            default:              document.getElementById('page_number_0').value = 1;          }          bwg_ajax('gal_front_form_0', '0', 'bwg_thumbnails_0', '0', '', 'gallery', 0, '', '', load_more, '', 1);        }                    jQuery('.first-page-0').on('click', function () {              spider_page_0(this, 1, -2, 'numeric');              return false;            });            jQuery('.prev-page-0').on('click', function () {              spider_page_0(this, 1, -1, 'numeric');              return false;            });            jQuery('.next-page-0').on('click', function () {              spider_page_0(this, 1, 1, 'numeric');              return false;            });            jQuery('.last-page-0').on('click', function () {              spider_page_0(this, 1, 2, 'numeric');              return false;            });        \t\t\t\t\/* Change page on input enter. *\/        function bwg_change_page_0( e, that ) {          if (  e.key == 'Enter' ) {            var to_page = parseInt(jQuery(that).val());            var pages_count = jQuery(that).parents(\".pagination-links\").data(\"pages-count\");            var current_url_param = jQuery(that).attr('data-url-info');            if (to_page > pages_count) {              to_page = 1;            }\t \t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tspider_page_0(this, to_page, 0, 'numeric');\t\t\t\t\t\t\treturn false;\t\t\t\t\t\t          }          return true;        }        jQuery('.bwg_load_btn_0').on('click', function () {            spider_page_0(this, 1, 1, true);            return false;        });      <\/script>      <\/span>                <\/div>        <\/form>        <style>          #bwg_container1_0 #bwg_container2_0 #spider_popup_overlay_0 {          background-color: #000000;          opacity: 0.70;          }          <\/style>        <div id=\"bwg_spider_popup_loading_0\" class=\"bwg_spider_popup_loading\"><\/div>        <div id=\"spider_popup_overlay_0\" class=\"spider_popup_overlay\" onclick=\"spider_destroypopup(1000)\"><\/div>        <input type=\"hidden\" id=\"bwg_random_seed_0\" value=\"1726405819\">                <\/div>    <\/div>    <script>      if (document.readyState === 'complete') {        if( typeof bwg_main_ready == 'function' ) {          if ( jQuery(\"#bwg_container1_0\").height() ) {            bwg_main_ready(jQuery(\"#bwg_container1_0\"));          }        }      } else {        document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', function() {          if( typeof bwg_main_ready == 'function' ) {            if ( jQuery(\"#bwg_container1_0\").height() ) {             bwg_main_ready(jQuery(\"#bwg_container1_0\"));            }          }        });      }    <\/script>    \n<style id=\"bwg-style-1\">    #bwg_container1_1 #bwg_container2_1 .bwg-container-1.bwg-standard-thumbnails {      width: 532px;              justify-content: center;        margin:0 auto !important;              background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.00);            padding-left: 4px;      padding-top: 4px;      max-width: 100%;            }        #bwg_container1_1 #bwg_container2_1 .bwg-container-1.bwg-standard-thumbnails .bwg-item {    justify-content: flex-start;      max-width: 88px;            width: 88px !important;          }    #bwg_container1_1 #bwg_container2_1 .bwg-container-1.bwg-standard-thumbnails .bwg-item a {       margin-right: 4px;       margin-bottom: 4px;    }    #bwg_container1_1 #bwg_container2_1 .bwg-container-1.bwg-standard-thumbnails .bwg-item0 {      padding: 0px;            background-color:rgba(255,255,255, 0.30);      border: 0px none #CCCCCC;      opacity: 1.00;      border-radius: 0;      box-shadow: 0px 0px 0px #888888;    }    #bwg_container1_1 #bwg_container2_1 .bwg-container-1.bwg-standard-thumbnails .bwg-item1 img {      max-height: none;      max-width: none;      padding: 0 !important;    }        @media only screen and (min-width: 480px) {      #bwg_container1_1 #bwg_container2_1 .bwg-container-1.bwg-standard-thumbnails .bwg-item0 {        transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;-webkit-transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;      }      #bwg_container1_1 #bwg_container2_1 .bwg-container-1.bwg-standard-thumbnails .bwg-item0:hover {        -ms-transform: scale(1.1);        -webkit-transform: scale(1.1);        transform: scale(1.1);      }    }          #bwg_container1_1 #bwg_container2_1 .bwg-container-1.bwg-standard-thumbnails .bwg-item1 {      padding-top: 75%;    }        #bwg_container1_1 #bwg_container2_1 .bwg-container-1.bwg-standard-thumbnails .bwg-title2,    #bwg_container1_1 #bwg_container2_1 .bwg-container-1.bwg-standard-thumbnails .bwg-ecommerce2 {      color: #CCCCCC;      font-family: segoe ui;      font-size: 16px;      font-weight: bold;      padding: 2px;      text-shadow: 0px 0px 0px #888888;      max-height: 100%;    }    #bwg_container1_1 #bwg_container2_1 .bwg-container-1.bwg-standard-thumbnails .bwg-thumb-description span {    color: #323A45;    font-family: Ubuntu;    font-size: 12px;    max-height: 100%;    word-wrap: break-word;    }    #bwg_container1_1 #bwg_container2_1 .bwg-container-1.bwg-standard-thumbnails .bwg-play-icon2 {      font-size: 32px;    }    #bwg_container1_1 #bwg_container2_1 .bwg-container-1.bwg-standard-thumbnails .bwg-ecommerce2 {      font-size: 19.2px;      color: #CCCCCC;    }    <\/style>    <div id=\"bwg_container1_1\"         class=\"bwg_container bwg_thumbnail bwg_thumbnails \"         data-right-click-protection=\"0\"         data-bwg=\"1\"         data-scroll=\"0\"         data-gallery-type=\"thumbnails\"         data-gallery-view-type=\"thumbnails\"         data-current-url=\"\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fposts%2F667\"         data-lightbox-url=\"https:\/\/oliverdavidkrieg.com\/wp-admin\/admin-ajax.php?action=GalleryBox&#038;current_view=1&#038;gallery_id=10&#038;tag=0&#038;theme_id=1&#038;shortcode_id=5&#038;sort_by=order&#038;order_by=asc&#038;current_url=%2Findex.php%3Frest_route%3D%252Fwp%252Fv2%252Fposts%252F667\"         data-gallery-id=\"10\"         data-popup-width=\"800\"         data-popup-height=\"500\"         data-is-album=\"gallery\"         data-buttons-position=\"bottom\">      <div id=\"bwg_container2_1\">             <div id=\"ajax_loading_1\" class=\"bwg_loading_div_1\">      <div class=\"bwg_loading_div_2\">        <div class=\"bwg_loading_div_3\">          <div id=\"loading_div_1\" class=\"bwg_spider_ajax_loading\">          <\/div>        <\/div>      <\/div>    <\/div>            <form id=\"gal_front_form_1\"              class=\"bwg-hidden\"              method=\"post\"              action=\"#\"              data-current=\"1\"              data-shortcode-id=\"5\"              data-gallery-type=\"thumbnails\"              data-gallery-id=\"10\"              data-tag=\"0\"              data-album-id=\"0\"              data-theme-id=\"1\"              data-ajax-url=\"https:\/\/oliverdavidkrieg.com\/wp-admin\/admin-ajax.php?action=bwg_frontend_data\">          <div id=\"bwg_container3_1\" class=\"bwg-background bwg-background-1\">                <div data-max-count=\"6\"         data-thumbnail-width=\"88\"         data-bwg=\"1\"         data-gallery-id=\"10\"         data-lightbox-url=\"https:\/\/oliverdavidkrieg.com\/wp-admin\/admin-ajax.php?action=GalleryBox&amp;current_view=1&amp;gallery_id=10&amp;tag=0&amp;theme_id=1&amp;shortcode_id=5&amp;sort_by=order&amp;order_by=asc&amp;current_url=%2Findex.php%3Frest_route%3D%252Fwp%252Fv2%252Fposts%252F667\"         id=\"bwg_thumbnails_1\"         class=\"bwg-container-1 bwg-thumbnails bwg-standard-thumbnails bwg-container bwg-border-box\">            <div class=\"bwg-item\">        <a class=\"bwg-a  bwg_lightbox\"  data-image-id=\"159\" href=\"https:\/\/oliverdavidkrieg.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/photo-gallery\/FP11-301_BaseAssembly.jpg\" data-elementor-open-lightbox=\"no\">                <div class=\"bwg-item0 \">          <div class=\"bwg-item1 \">            <div class=\"bwg-item2\">              <img decoding=\"async\" class=\"skip-lazy bwg_standart_thumb_img_1 \"                   data-id=\"159\"                   data-width=\"\"                   data-height=\"\"                   data-src=\"https:\/\/oliverdavidkrieg.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/photo-gallery\/thumb\/FP11-301_BaseAssembly.jpg\"                   src=\"https:\/\/oliverdavidkrieg.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/photo-gallery\/thumb\/FP11-301_BaseAssembly.jpg\"                   alt=\"FP11-301 BaseAssembly\"                   title=\"FP11-301 BaseAssembly\" \/>            <\/div>            <div class=\"\">                                                      <\/div>          <\/div>        <\/div>                        <\/a>              <\/div>            <div class=\"bwg-item\">        <a class=\"bwg-a  bwg_lightbox\"  data-image-id=\"158\" href=\"https:\/\/oliverdavidkrieg.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/photo-gallery\/FP11-202_RoboticFabrication.JPG\" data-elementor-open-lightbox=\"no\">                <div class=\"bwg-item0 \">          <div class=\"bwg-item1 \">            <div class=\"bwg-item2\">              <img decoding=\"async\" class=\"skip-lazy bwg_standart_thumb_img_1 \"                   data-id=\"158\"                   data-width=\"\"                   data-height=\"\"                   data-src=\"https:\/\/oliverdavidkrieg.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/photo-gallery\/thumb\/FP11-202_RoboticFabrication.JPG\"                   src=\"https:\/\/oliverdavidkrieg.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/photo-gallery\/thumb\/FP11-202_RoboticFabrication.JPG\"                   alt=\"FP11-202 RoboticFabrication\"                   title=\"FP11-202 RoboticFabrication\" \/>            <\/div>            <div class=\"\">                                                      <\/div>          <\/div>        <\/div>                        <\/a>              <\/div>            <div class=\"bwg-item\">        <a class=\"bwg-a  bwg_lightbox\"  data-image-id=\"157\" href=\"https:\/\/oliverdavidkrieg.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/photo-gallery\/FP11-203_CuttingFingerJoints.jpg\" data-elementor-open-lightbox=\"no\">                <div class=\"bwg-item0 \">          <div class=\"bwg-item1 \">            <div class=\"bwg-item2\">              <img decoding=\"async\" class=\"skip-lazy bwg_standart_thumb_img_1 \"                   data-id=\"157\"                   data-width=\"\"                   data-height=\"\"                   data-src=\"https:\/\/oliverdavidkrieg.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/photo-gallery\/thumb\/FP11-203_CuttingFingerJoints.jpg\"                   src=\"https:\/\/oliverdavidkrieg.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/photo-gallery\/thumb\/FP11-203_CuttingFingerJoints.jpg\"                   alt=\"FP11-203 CuttingFingerJoints\"                   title=\"FP11-203 CuttingFingerJoints\" \/>            <\/div>            <div class=\"\">                                                      <\/div>          <\/div>        <\/div>                        <\/a>              <\/div>            <div class=\"bwg-item\">        <a class=\"bwg-a  bwg_lightbox\"  data-image-id=\"156\" href=\"https:\/\/oliverdavidkrieg.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/photo-gallery\/FP11-207_CassetteAssembly.jpg\" data-elementor-open-lightbox=\"no\">                <div class=\"bwg-item0 \">          <div class=\"bwg-item1 \">            <div class=\"bwg-item2\">              <img decoding=\"async\" class=\"skip-lazy bwg_standart_thumb_img_1 \"                   data-id=\"156\"                   data-width=\"\"                   data-height=\"\"                   data-src=\"https:\/\/oliverdavidkrieg.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/photo-gallery\/thumb\/FP11-207_CassetteAssembly.jpg\"                   src=\"https:\/\/oliverdavidkrieg.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/photo-gallery\/thumb\/FP11-207_CassetteAssembly.jpg\"                   alt=\"FP11-207 CassetteAssembly\"                   title=\"FP11-207 CassetteAssembly\" \/>            <\/div>            <div class=\"\">                                                      <\/div>          <\/div>        <\/div>                        <\/a>              <\/div>            <div class=\"bwg-item\">        <a class=\"bwg-a  bwg_lightbox\"  data-image-id=\"155\" href=\"https:\/\/oliverdavidkrieg.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/photo-gallery\/FP11-106_G-Code_1.jpg\" data-elementor-open-lightbox=\"no\">                <div class=\"bwg-item0 \">          <div class=\"bwg-item1 \">            <div class=\"bwg-item2\">              <img decoding=\"async\" class=\"skip-lazy bwg_standart_thumb_img_1 \"                   data-id=\"155\"                   data-width=\"\"                   data-height=\"\"                   data-src=\"https:\/\/oliverdavidkrieg.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/photo-gallery\/thumb\/FP11-106_G-Code_1.jpg\"                   src=\"https:\/\/oliverdavidkrieg.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/photo-gallery\/thumb\/FP11-106_G-Code_1.jpg\"                   alt=\"FP11-106 G-Code 1\"                   title=\"FP11-106 G-Code 1\" \/>            <\/div>            <div class=\"\">                                                      <\/div>          <\/div>        <\/div>                        <\/a>              <\/div>            <div class=\"bwg-item\">        <a class=\"bwg-a  bwg_lightbox\"  data-image-id=\"154\" href=\"https:\/\/oliverdavidkrieg.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/photo-gallery\/FP11-107_G-Code_2.jpg\" data-elementor-open-lightbox=\"no\">                <div class=\"bwg-item0 \">          <div class=\"bwg-item1 \">            <div class=\"bwg-item2\">              <img decoding=\"async\" class=\"skip-lazy bwg_standart_thumb_img_1 \"                   data-id=\"154\"                   data-width=\"\"                   data-height=\"\"                   data-src=\"https:\/\/oliverdavidkrieg.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/photo-gallery\/thumb\/FP11-107_G-Code_2.jpg\"                   src=\"https:\/\/oliverdavidkrieg.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/photo-gallery\/thumb\/FP11-107_G-Code_2.jpg\"                   alt=\"FP11-107 G-Code 2\"                   title=\"FP11-107 G-Code 2\" \/>            <\/div>            <div class=\"\">                                                      <\/div>          <\/div>        <\/div>                        <\/a>              <\/div>          <\/div>    <style>      \/*pagination styles*\/      #bwg_container1_1 #bwg_container2_1 .tablenav-pages_1 {\t\t\t\ttext-align: center;\t\t\t\tfont-size: 12px;\t\t\t\tfont-family: segoe ui;\t\t\t\tfont-weight: bold;\t\t\t\tcolor: #666666;\t\t\t\tmargin: 6px 0 4px;\t\t\t\tdisplay: block;      }      @media only screen and (max-width : 320px) {      #bwg_container1_1 #bwg_container2_1 .displaying-num_1 {     \t display: none;      }      }      #bwg_container1_1 #bwg_container2_1 .displaying-num_1 {\t\t\t\tfont-size: 12px;\t\t\t\tfont-family: segoe ui;\t\t\t\tfont-weight: bold;\t\t\t\tcolor: #666666;\t\t\t\tmargin-right: 10px;\t\t\t\tvertical-align: middle;      }      #bwg_container1_1 #bwg_container2_1 .paging-input_1 {\t\t\t\tfont-size: 12px;\t\t\t\tfont-family: segoe ui;\t\t\t\tfont-weight: bold;\t\t\t\tcolor: #666666;\t\t\t\tvertical-align: middle;      }      #bwg_container1_1 #bwg_container2_1 .tablenav-pages_1 a.disabled,      #bwg_container1_1 #bwg_container2_1 .tablenav-pages_1 a.disabled:hover,      #bwg_container1_1 #bwg_container2_1 .tablenav-pages_1 a.disabled:focus,\t\t\t#bwg_container1_1 #bwg_container2_1 .tablenav-pages_1 input.bwg_current_page {\t\t\t\tcursor: default;\t\t\t\tcolor: rgba(102, 102, 102, 0.5);      }      #bwg_container1_1 #bwg_container2_1 .tablenav-pages_1 a,      #bwg_container1_1 #bwg_container2_1 .tablenav-pages_1 input.bwg_current_page {\t\t\t\tcursor: pointer;\t\t\t\ttext-align: center;\t\t\t\tfont-size: 12px;\t\t\t\tfont-family: segoe ui;\t\t\t\tfont-weight: bold;\t\t\t\tcolor: #666666;\t\t\t\ttext-decoration: none;\t\t\t\tpadding: 3px 6px;\t\t\t\tmargin: 0;\t\t\t\tborder-radius: 0;\t\t\t\tborder-style: solid;\t\t\t\tborder-width: 1px;\t\t\t\tborder-color: #E3E3E3;\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tbackground-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 1.00);\t\t\t\tbox-shadow: 0;\t\t\t\ttransition: all 0.3s ease 0s;-webkit-transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;      }      <\/style>      <span class=\"bwg_nav_cont_1\">              <div class=\"tablenav-pages_1\">                  <\/div>                <input type=\"hidden\" id=\"page_number_1\" name=\"page_number_1\" value=\"1\" \/>      <script type=\"text\/javascript\">        if( jQuery('.bwg_nav_cont_1').length > 1 ) {          jQuery('.bwg_nav_cont_1').first().remove()        }        function spider_page_1(cur, x, y, load_more) {          if (typeof load_more == \"undefined\") {            var load_more = false;          }          if (jQuery(cur).hasClass('disabled')) {            return false;          }          var items_county_1 = 1;          switch (y) {            case 1:              if (x >= items_county_1) {                document.getElementById('page_number_1').value = items_county_1;              }              else {                document.getElementById('page_number_1').value = x + 1;              }              break;            case 2:              document.getElementById('page_number_1').value = items_county_1;              break;            case -1:              if (x == 1) {                document.getElementById('page_number_1').value = 1;              }              else {                document.getElementById('page_number_1').value = x - 1;              }              break;            case -2:              document.getElementById('page_number_1').value = 1;              break;\t\t\t\t\t\tcase 0:              document.getElementById('page_number_1').value = x;              break;            default:              document.getElementById('page_number_1').value = 1;          }          bwg_ajax('gal_front_form_1', '1', 'bwg_thumbnails_1', '0', '', 'gallery', 0, '', '', load_more, '', 1);        }                    jQuery('.first-page-1').on('click', function () {              spider_page_1(this, 1, -2, 'numeric');              return false;            });            jQuery('.prev-page-1').on('click', function () {              spider_page_1(this, 1, -1, 'numeric');              return false;            });            jQuery('.next-page-1').on('click', function () {              spider_page_1(this, 1, 1, 'numeric');              return false;            });            jQuery('.last-page-1').on('click', function () {              spider_page_1(this, 1, 2, 'numeric');              return false;            });        \t\t\t\t\/* Change page on input enter. *\/        function bwg_change_page_1( e, that ) {          if (  e.key == 'Enter' ) {            var to_page = parseInt(jQuery(that).val());            var pages_count = jQuery(that).parents(\".pagination-links\").data(\"pages-count\");            var current_url_param = jQuery(that).attr('data-url-info');            if (to_page > pages_count) {              to_page = 1;            }\t \t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tspider_page_1(this, to_page, 0, 'numeric');\t\t\t\t\t\t\treturn false;\t\t\t\t\t\t          }          return true;        }        jQuery('.bwg_load_btn_1').on('click', function () {            spider_page_1(this, 1, 1, true);            return false;        });      <\/script>      <\/span>                <\/div>        <\/form>        <style>          #bwg_container1_1 #bwg_container2_1 #spider_popup_overlay_1 {          background-color: #000000;          opacity: 0.70;          }          <\/style>        <div id=\"bwg_spider_popup_loading_1\" class=\"bwg_spider_popup_loading\"><\/div>        <div id=\"spider_popup_overlay_1\" class=\"spider_popup_overlay\" onclick=\"spider_destroypopup(1000)\"><\/div>        <input type=\"hidden\" id=\"bwg_random_seed_1\" value=\"1674657354\">                <\/div>    <\/div>    <script>      if (document.readyState === 'complete') {        if( typeof bwg_main_ready == 'function' ) {          if ( jQuery(\"#bwg_container1_1\").height() ) {            bwg_main_ready(jQuery(\"#bwg_container1_1\"));          }        }      } else {        document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', function() {          if( typeof bwg_main_ready == 'function' ) {            if ( jQuery(\"#bwg_container1_1\").height() ) {             bwg_main_ready(jQuery(\"#bwg_container1_1\"));            }          }        });      }    <\/script>    \n<p>In summer 2011 the Institute for Computational Design (ICD) and the Institute of Building Structures and Structural Design (ITKE), together with students at the University of Stuttgart have realized a temporary, bionic research pavilion made of wood at the intersection of teaching and research. The project explores the architectural transfer of biological principles of the sea urchin\u2019s plate skeleton morphology by means of novel computer-based design and simulation methods, along with computer-controlled manufacturing methods for its building implementation. A particular innovation consists in the possibility of effectively extending the recognized bionic principles and related performance to a range of different geometries through computational processes, which is demonstrated by the fact that the complex morphology of the pavilion could be built exclusively with extremely thin sheets of plywood (6.5 mm).<\/p>\n<p>BIOLOGICAL SYSTEM<\/p>\n<p>The project aims at integrating the performative capacity of biological structures into architectural design and at testing the resulting spatial and structural material-systems in full scale. The focus was set on the development of a modular system which allows a high degree of adaptability and performance due to the geometric differentiation of its plate components and robotically fabricated finger joints. During the analysis of different biological structures, the plate skeleton morphology of the sand dollar, a sub-species of the sea urchin (Echinoidea), became of particular interest and subsequently provided the basic principles of the bionic structure that was realized. The skeletal shell of the sand dollar is a modular system of polygonal plates, which are linked together at the edges by finger-like calcite protrusions. High load bearing capacity is achieved by the particular geometric arrangement of the plates and their joining system. Therefore, the sand dollar serves as a most fitting model for shells made of prefabricated elements. Similarly, the traditional finger-joints typically used in carpentry as connection elements, can be seen as the technical equivalent of the sand dollar\u2019s calcite protrusions.<\/p>\n<p>MORPHOLOGY TRANSFER<\/p>\n<p>Following the analysis of the sand dollar, the morphology of its plate structure was integrated in the design of a pavilion. Three plate edges always meet together at just one point, a principle which enables the transmission of normal and shear forces but no bending moments between the joints, thus resulting in a bending bearing but yet deformable structure. Unlike traditional lightweight construction, which can only be applied to load optimized shapes, this new design principle can be applied to a wide range of custom geometry. The high lightweight potential of this approach is evident as the pavilion that could be built out of 6.5 mm thin sheets of plywood only, despite its considerable size. Therefore it even needed anchoring to the ground to resist wind suction loads.<\/p>\n<p>Besides these constructional and organizational principles, other fundamental properties of biological structures are applied in the computational design process of the project:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Heterogeneity: The cell sizes are not constant, but adapt to local curvature and discontinuities. In the areas of small curvature the central cells are more than two meters tall, while at the edge they only reach half a meter.<\/li>\n<li>Anisotropy: The pavilion is a directional structure. The cells stretch and orient themselves according to mechanical stresses.<\/li>\n<li>Hierarchy: The pavilion is organized as a two-level hierarchical structure. On the first level, the finger joints of the plywood sheets are glued together to form a cell. On the second hierarchical level, a simple screw connection joins the cells together, allowing the assembling and disassembling of the pavilion. Within each hierarchical level only three plates &#8211; respectively three edges \u2013 meet exclusively at one point, therefore assuring bendable edges for both levels.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>COMPUTATIONAL DESIGN AND ROBOTIC PRODUCTION<\/p>\n<p>A requirement for the design, development and realization of the complex morphology of the pavilion is a closed, digital information loop between the project\u2019s model, finite element simulations and computer numeric machine control. Form finding and structural design are closely interlinked. An optimized data exchange scheme made it possible to repeatedly read the complex geometry into a finite element program to analyze and modify the critical points of the model. In parallel, the glued and bolted joints were tested experimentally and the results included in the structural calculations.<\/p>\n<p>The plates and finger joints of each cell were produced with the university&#8217;s robotic fabrication system. Employing custom programmed routines the computational model provided the basis for the automatic generation of the machine code (NC-Code) for the control of an industrial seven-axis robot. This enabled the economical production of more than 850 geometrically different components, as well as more than 100,000 finger joints freely arranged in space. Following the robotic production, the plywood panels were joined together to form the cells. The assembly of the prefabricated modules was carried out at the city campus of the University of Stuttgart. All design, research, fabrication and construction work were carried out jointly by students and faculty researchers.<\/p>\n<p>The research pavilion offered the opportunity to investigate methods of modular bionic construction using freeform surfaces representing different geometric characteristics while developing two distinct spatial entities: one large interior space with a porous inner layer and a big opening, facing the public square between the University\u2019s buildings, and a smaller interstitial space enveloped between the two layers that exhibits the constructive logic of the double layer shell.<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p><strong>Institute for Computational Design<\/strong> &#8211; Prof. Achim Menges<br \/>\n<strong>Institute of Building Structures and Structural Design<\/strong> &#8211; Prof. Jan Knippers<\/p>\n<p><strong>Concept &amp; System Development<\/strong><\/p>\n<blockquote><p>Oliver David Krieg, Boyan Mihaylov<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><strong>Detail Design &amp; Fabrication &amp; Construction<\/strong><\/p>\n<blockquote><p>Peter Brachat, Benjamin Busch, Solmaz Fahimian, Christin Gegenheimer, Nicola Haberbosch, Elias K\u00e4stle, Oliver David Krieg, Yong Sung Kwon, Boyan Mihaylov, Hongmei Zhai<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><strong>Scientific Development<\/strong><\/p>\n<blockquote><p>Markus Gabler (project management), Riccardo La Magna (structural design), Steffen Reichert (detail design), Tobias Schwinn (project management), Fr\u00e9d\u00e9ric Waimer (structural design)<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><strong>Funding<\/strong><\/p>\n<blockquote><p>KUKA Roboter GmbH<br \/>\nOCHS GmbH<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<blockquote><p>Landesbetrieb Forst Baden-W\u00fcrttemberg (ForstBW)<br \/>\nKST2 Systemtechnik GmbH<br \/>\nLeitz GmbH &amp; Co. KG<br \/>\nStiftungen LBBW<br \/>\nM\u00fcllerblaustein Holzbau GmbH<br \/>\nHerrmann Rothfuss Bauunternehmung GmbH &amp; Co.<br \/>\nUllrich &amp; Sch\u00f6n GmbH<br \/>\nHolzhandlung Wider GmbH &amp; Co. KG<\/p><\/blockquote>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>ICD\/ITKE Research Pavilion 2011&hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":668,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[15],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-667","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-portfolio"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/oliverdavidkrieg.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/667","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/oliverdavidkrieg.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/oliverdavidkrieg.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/oliverdavidkrieg.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/oliverdavidkrieg.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=667"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/oliverdavidkrieg.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/667\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":850,"href":"https:\/\/oliverdavidkrieg.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/667\/revisions\/850"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/oliverdavidkrieg.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/668"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/oliverdavidkrieg.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=667"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/oliverdavidkrieg.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=667"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/oliverdavidkrieg.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=667"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}